Reduced estrogen over the long term can lead to several health consequences, especially in women who are postmenopausal or have undergone surgical menopause. Here are some of the primary effects associated with long-term low estrogen:

1. Bone Issue

• Estrogen helps to protect bone density, so lower levels can lead to a significant risk of osteoporosis and fractures over time.
• Women with low estrogen are at a higher risk for hip, spine, and wrist fractures due to decreased bone mass.

2. Cardiovascular Health

• Estrogen supports the health of blood vessels and helps regulate cholesterol levels. Reduced estrogen is linked to an increase in LDL (“bad”) cholesterol and a decrease in HDL (“good”) cholesterol.
• This shift can raise the risk of atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), heart disease, and stroke over time.

3. Memory Health

• Low estrogen has been associated with memory difficulties, brain fog, and even an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease.
• Estrogen is believed to have neuroprotective effects, so reduced levels can impact mental clarity and cognitive function.

4. Urogenital Atrophy

• Estrogen maintains the health and elasticity of vaginal and urinary tract tissues. Long-term reduction can lead to vaginal dryness, discomfort, and increased risk of infections.
• It may also contribute to urinary issues, such as incontinence or more frequent urinary tract infections.

5. Skin and Hair Changes

• Estrogen plays a role in collagen production and skin elasticity. Lower levels can lead to thinner, drier skin and increased wrinkling.
• Hair thinning or loss is also common with reduced estrogen over time.

6. Mood and Emotional Health

• Women with low estrogen may experience mood swings, depression, or anxiety due to its influence on neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine.

7. Metabolic Changes and Weight Gain

• Estrogen helps to regulate body fat distribution. Lower estrogen can lead to an increase in central obesity (abdominal fat), which is associated with insulin resistance and an elevated risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes.

Addressing Reduced Estrogen

Phytoestrogen supplements or bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT) can be an option to alleviate many of these symptoms and reduce long-term risks. However, treatment should be personalized, as not all women are suitable candidates for estrogen therapy.  To learn more about what options are best for you click here.